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355d4daef03599cbea49ba17e9da8ae5
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Connecting the Medieval to New England
Still Image
Catalog Entry
<p>The Black Madonna tradition originated in the Middle Ages around the twelfth to the fifteenth centuries, concentrated in France but also in other areas; there are approximately four to five hundred of them in Europe. The prominence of the tradition is attributed to the stories of miracles surrounding these paintings and statues. In a study of approximately one hundred examples, Leonard Moss divided them into three categories with the majority falling into the first: “dark brown or black madonnas with physiognomy and skin pigmentation matching that of the indigenous population” (Duricy).</p>
<p>The Black Madonna in Chartres Cathedral in France is a 1508 wooden replica of a thirteenth-century silver version. The Black Madonna in Magdeburg Cathedral in Germany dates to around the thirteenth century.</p>
<p>The Black Madonna in Saint John the Guardian of Our Lady Parish in Clinton, MA originally belonged to Our Lady of Jasna Gora. Jasna Gora was constructed in 1913, held its last mass in 2010, and was demolished in 2012. The Black Madonna, Our Lady of Jasna Gora, was painted in Poland in the Byzantine style and brought to the church in 1938. The painting is modeled after the Black Madonna of Czestochowa, Poland, which was said to have originally been painted by St. Luke then brought to Poland via Constantinople in 1384. More likely, it was a sixth to ninth-century piece. The original was destroyed beyond repair by robbers in 1430. It is credited with a number of miracles, including several Polish military victories, making the painting a national monument.</p>
<p>Although the Black Madonna is a widespread and popular tradition, there is a distinct issue with many of these pieces of art: namely, that they are being “restored” and turned distinctly white. Indeed, the Chartres Black Madonna no longer looks like the image in this photo. It looks more like the image here of the Magdeburg Black Madonna, which was “cleaned” in the nineteenth century. Pilgrims travel long distances to visit these statues, only to find them altered beyond recognition. </p>
Bibliography
<p>“The Black Madonna of Czestochowa: Poland’s Most Revered Icon.” <em>Polish American Journal</em>. http://www.polamjournal.com/Library/APHistory/blackmadonna/blackmadonna.html.</p>
<p>Duricy, Michael. “Black Madonnas: Origin, History, Controversy.” All About Mary. <em>University of Dayton. </em>https://udayton.edu/imri/mary/b/black-madonnas-origin-history-controversy.php.</p>
<p>Ramm, Benjamin. “A Controversial Restoration That Wipes Away the Past.” <em>The New York Times</em>, 1 Sept. 2017. https://www.nytimes.com/2017/09/01/arts/design/chartres-cathedral-restoration-controversial.html.</p>
<p>Travers, Terry A. “History of Parish Retold.” <em>Worcester Daily Telegraph</em>, 1 Feb. 1969. http://tqretro.blogspot.com/2016/07/our-lady-of-jasna-gora-story-211969.html.</p>
Photographer(s)
Kisha G. Tracy
Courtesy of Saint John the Guardian of Our Lady Parish
Catalog Entry Author(s)
Kisha G. Tracy
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
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Chartres, France – Black Madonna (Chartres Cathedral); Clinton, MA – Black Madonna (Saint John the Guardian of Our Lady Parish); Magdeburg, Germany – Black Madonna (Magdeburg Cathedral)
african festival
clinton
hammondexhibition
massachusetts
statue
women
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8db29d85a8361a94a1e617f6f59b9d6c
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Connecting the Classical to New England
Still Image
Catalog Entry
Within Herman Melville’s <em>Moby Dick</em>, Ishmael’s telling of Ahab’s revenge-seeking quest against Moby Dick proves that the ship captain was fighting for something that was taken from him and how important it was. He believed that he had to brave out the stormy seas to receive some sort of personal justice. This story, along with the photos of the Trafalgar Square Mermaid Fountain in London, England and Clinton, Massachusetts’ Foster Fountain, have a deeper cultural significance than we may think. <br /><br />Dr. Tracy’s photo pictures the graceful elegance of a mermaid swimming with a few dolphins. There is, however, more to this fountain than what one would see at first glance. This fountain was put in place as a memorial for Admiral David Beatty, who was a Royal Navy officer. He was said to have been a powerful leader and knew how to organize winning battles. Both Captain Ahab and David Beatty were strong-willed and knew how they wanted to approach these dangerous situations. <br /><br />The Foster Fountain in Clinton, MA is one of two war monuments put in place (Boyce 21). This fountain is there to represent the Clinton residents that served in the Spanish-American War. The connection between this monument and the Trafalgar Mermaid Fountain is the meaning behind the two. Both are where they are to memorialize brave soldiers who fought for what they believed in. Captain Ahab did something similar in<em> Moby Dick</em>, going after the whale that stole his leg from him. None of these people stopped until they were either victorious or died trying. As it was said in <em>Moby Dick</em>, “I try all things; I achieve what I can,” and that seems to be what these soldiers lived by (Melville). <br /><br />Knowing that they could only fight their best fight, Beatty and the Spanish-American war veterans were able to give all that they had. Ahab only did the same even if at some points he questioned himself. Even then he knew deep down that he had to fight for his revenge, no matter the cost. It’s important to remember those who had fought for what they believed in because without them we wouldn’t be as inspired to fight for what we believe in. <br /><br />A smaller, but still significant commonality between these heritage sites share is that they are both fountains. This water that surrounds them not only connects to the Navy, which Beatty was apart of, but it also connects them to Melville’s <em>Moby Dick</em> and Captain Ahab. <br /><br />Communities are brought together by such monuments and they “represent that community’s chosen method of remembrance” (WarMemorials). This type of heritage, whether it be across countries or throughout literature, play a large role in how we remember the important happenings in history. Even though these monuments have little in common stylewise, they have a deeper commonality once we dig deeper. It’s always important to learn about cultural heritage because there may be a lot that we’re missing when we’re simply looking rather than really seeing them for what they are. Without these sites, we’d have nothing to help us remember.
Bibliography
<p style="text-align:center;">Works Cited</p>
Boyce, Philip R. “One Hundred Sixty Fourth Annual Report.” <em>ClintonMA.Gov</em>, www.clintonma.gov/FY2013%20Annual%20Town%20Report.pdf.<br /><br /> “Importance of War Memorials.” <em>War Memorials</em>, 2017,<br /> www.warmemorials.org/uploads/publications/64.pdf.<br /><br /> Melville, Herman. <em>Moby Dick</em>. London, 1851.
Photographer(s)
Kisha G. Tracy
Catalog Entry Author(s)
Molly Potter, Student, Fitchburg State University
Research Assistant(s)
Brooke Pelletier, Student, Fitchburg State University
Dennis Pikul, Student, Fitchburg State University
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
London, UK - Trafalgar Square Mermaid Fountain; Clinton, MA - Foster Fountain
british literature I spring 2018
classical tradition spring 2018
clinton
fountain
london
massachusetts
mermaid
statue
war
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a1eac8cd08c515f191e6499f0bb3574e
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Connecting the Medieval to New England
Still Image
Catalog Entry
<strong>Hereford, UK - Hereford Cathedral and Chained Library<br /><br /></strong>The County of Herefordshire is home to the historic cathedral city of Hereford. Hereford Cathedral has been an important landmark since it was founded in 696CE. In 794CE. King Ethelbert was murdered, and they scattered his remains in the church. The church was dedicated to this man and was blessed by the Virgin Mary because he was a saint. The cathedral was rebuilt around 1020-1040CE. but was destroyed later in 1055 by a Welsh army. Nearly everything was destroyed, and it was rebuilt over sixty years later in a Norman or Romanesque style of architecture. The cathedral was built by the Normans as a place of worship for the community. Two popular displays at the cathedral are the Mappa Mundi and the Chained Library. The Mappa Mundi is the only completed world map created by Richard of Holdingham. It was created around 1300CE. and it was drawn on a sheet of calf skin. The map was used during the medieval period, and now it is one of the most important attractions at the Hereford Cathedral. The Chained Library is a unique exhibit. During the Middle Ages, many libraries used to chain their books as a form of security for the library. Each book has a chain attached at the bottom of the front cover then attached to a rod that runs along the bottom of the shelf. The chains allow for books to be taken from the shelf but not removed from the bookcase. Many repairs were made to the Hereford Cathedral because of all the drama between royal families. The beautiful tourist attraction is still receiving many visitors to this day. <br /><br /><strong>Clinton, MA - The Bigelow Free Public Library (Photo forthcoming)<br /><br /></strong>The Bigelow Free Public Library is an important part of the community in Clinton, Massachusetts. It was originally a subscription library founded by a group of gentlemen interested in building a “school of scientific instruction ” with a reading room. The subscription library was part of a wave of mechanics’ institutes that crossed the nation, originating in Britain in the early 19th century and showing up in America soon after. The importance of learning and knowledge provided by reading rooms was fundamental to growth of colleges and universities. Many mechanics’ institutes ended up as university libraries and public libraries in the United States. The original location for the Bigelow Library was the building that currently houses the Russian Museum of Icons located in Clinton, and it remained there until 1873 when the library was donated to the newly incorporated town of Clinton by the Bigelow brothers. For a while the library was scattered amongst many locations until in 1903 it was moved to a new building constructed on land donated by Dr. Samuel A. Morse. The library holds significance as a learning center to this day.
Photographer(s)
Kisha G. Tracy
Catalog Entry Author
India Andrews
Bob Williams
Catalog Entry Author(s)
India Andrews, Student, Fitchburg State University
Bob Williams, Student, Fitchburg State University
Bibliography
<p><span>Bigelow Free Public Library. <em><span>WordPress</span></em>. 2017, <a href="http://bigelowlibrary.org/about/library-history/">http://bigelowlibrary.org/about/library-history/</a>. <br /><br /> “Chained Library.” </span><i>Hereford Cathedral, </i><a href="http://www.herefordcathedral.org/chained-library" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer"><span>www.herefordcathedral.org/chained-library</span></a><span>.<br /><br /> Ford, Andrew E. <em><span>History of the Origin of the Town Clinton Massachusetts 1653-1865</span></em>. Historic Buildings of Massachusetts. <em><span>WordPress</span></em>. 2017, <a href="http://mass.historicbuildingsct.com/?p=6999">http://mass.historicbuildingsct.com/?p=6999</a>.</span></p>
<p><span></span>“Hereford Cathedral.” <i>Hereford Cathedral </i>/ <i>Cathedral / Hereford / Hefordshire, </i><a href="http://www.visitherefordshire.co.uk/explore/thedms.aspx?dms=3&venue=1401488&feature=1&pn=cathedral&pvieflag=V&townid=609&miles=8" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">www.visitherefordshire.co.uk/explore/thedms.aspx?dms=3&venue=1401488&feature=1&pn=cathedral&pvieflag=V&townid=609&miles=8</a>. </p>
<p><span><span>“Mappa Mundi.” </span><i><span>Hereford Cathedral, </span></i><a href="http://www.herefordcathedral.org/mappa-mundi" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer"><span>www.herefordcathedral.org/mappa-mundi</span></a><span>.<br /><br /> "Mechanics' Institutes." <em><span>Dictionary of American History</span></em>. Encyclopedia.com. 2016, <a href="http://www.encyclopedia.com/history/modern-europe/british-and-irish-history/mechanics-institutes">http://www.encyclopedia.com/history/modern-europe/british-and-irish-history/mechanics-institutes</a>.</span></span></p>
<p><span>"Our history.” </span><i>Hereford Cathedral, </i><span>9 Dec. 2016, </span><a href="http://www.herefordcathedral.org/our-history" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer"><span>www.herefordcathedral.org/our-history</span></a><span>.<br /><br /></span>Strange, Dominic. <i>The Misericords and History of Hereford Cathedral, </i><span>7 Feb. 2015, </span><a href="http://www.misericords.co.uk/hereford.html#History" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer"><span>www.misericords.co.uk/hereford.html#History</span></a><span>.</span></p>
<p></p>
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
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A name given to the resource
Hereford, UK - Hereford Cathedral/Library; Clinton, MA - Bigelow Free Public Library
cathedral
clinton
england
library
student volunteers
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ec0df5f9dc62b83160dda7902d1c19f2
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Connecting the Classical to New England
Still Image
Catalog Entry
Under construction
Photographer(s)
Kisha G. Tracy
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Verona, Italy - Verona Arena; Clinton, MA - Fuller Field (Entry in Progress)
arena
clinton
italy